Maintaining Oral Health During Pregnancy

The journey through pregnancy is unique for everyone and as the months pass by different women may experience it differently. Some common issues during this time can be swollen feet, not enjoying the foods you are used to, hair falling and tooth issues. Even though they can be very common you should not neglect them because they may worsen later on for both you and your unborn child. During your pregnancy, you must take proper care of your teeth and gums. Hormonal changes brought on during this period increase the chance of gum disease, which can have an impact on the health of the unborn child. In this blog post, we will do our best to assist you in keeping your teeth as healthy as possible and explain the risks that come with pregnancy, so you can be careful. 

Image illustrating a pregnant woman with optimal dental health

What Is Dental Health And How Does It Affect Pregnancy?

Your mouth, teeth, and gums make up your dental health, which is also commonly referred to as oral health and it plays a significant role in your general well-being and is also very important if you are pregnant.

Your chances of developing oral health issues during pregnancy may rise, and these issues may also impact the health of your unborn child. For example, research has shown a connection between early birth and gum disease. When compared to normal birth babies, premature ones experience more health issues during and after birth. Keep in mind to take good care of your teeth and gums during these 9 months to protect the health of yourself and the babies. 

How Does Pregnancy Affect Your Dental Health?

During the 9 months of pregnancy, a woman’s body will be impacted greatly including the teeth and gums. Furthermore, we will explain in greater detail the impact that your pregnancy has on you and your baby’s health. 

  • During pregnancy, your body produces higher amounts of several hormones, such as oestrogen and progesterone. The increase in these hormones may make you more prone to oral health issues.
  • Your eating habits may change. Certain foods may be consumed more during pregnancy than they were previously. The types of food you consume have a big impact on your dental health. Some people may develop pica during pregnancy, which is a disorder characterized by eating things that are not considered foods. This leads women to chew on items that may be harmful to their dental health, such as a lot of ice or even inedible objects.
  • During pregnancy, women may even avoid flossing and brushing their teeth since it can cause them nausea and this can lead to deterioration of the gums and teeth

 

Image illustrating dental issues during pregnancy

Risk For Certain Dental Problems During Pregnancy

Cavities 

Cavities are tiny, small spots that form on your teeth’s surface damaging the enamel layer. Dental cavities are more common in pregnant women. You can give your unborn child the bacteria that causes cavities, during pregnancy and after delivery, which may cause issues for them in the future.

Amalgam Fillings 

When you have cavities, it’s crucial to get them filled and treated, but only with dental fillings without mercury. Dental amalgam, sometimes known as silver fillings, can lead to health problems for both you and your unborn child when they come in contact with cavities. An amalgam is a mixture of many materials, most often metals and chemicals. There is a lot of mercury in dental amalgam so they are recommended to be avoided during pregnancy. 

If your body has a lot of mercury, it can be transferred to your unborn child through the placenta or breast milk. According to studies, women who are pregnant and have had mercury fillings may be more likely than those who have not to experience miscarriage, high blood pressure, and low birth weight kids. In addition, mercury can harm other organs such as the kidneys and brain of the unborn child. 

Dental amalgam fillings are not recommended if you are breastfeeding a baby, want to get pregnant, or are currently pregnant. Ask your dentist for a composite resin filling made without mercury if you need to have a cavity treated. This kind of filling matches the colour of your teeth and it is created by combining a certain kind of plastic with glass powder. Composite resin fillings are safe for both you and your child since they don’t include metals like mercury. However, unless your dentist indicates that there is a problem with any existing dental amalgam fillings, they will not advise you to have them removed.

Gingivitis

Gingivitis is known as gum inflammation which consists of redness and swelling of your gums. If left untreated this condition may get worse and become more dangerous. Hormones associated with pregnancy may raise your risk of gingivitis. This condition is very common and it affects 60- to 75 percent of pregnant women. Some of the most common signs of gingivitis are:

  • Redness and swelling in the gums
  • Tenderness in the gums
  • Bleeding of the gums, even when you brush your teeth gently
  • Shiny gums

 

Image illustrating cavities during pregnancy

Loose Teeth

Pregnancy-related high levels of progesterone and oestrogen can momentarily disturb the tissues and bones that hold your teeth in place and as a result of this, your teeth can become loose. If left untreated gingivitis can result in periodontal disease which will damage the gums and teeth. If your teeth become loose the dentist might recommend pulling them out. This is why it is very important to treat your dental issues before they get worse and cause more damage to your overall health.  

Tooth Erosion

Many women may experience morning sickness also known as nausea and vomiting of pregnancy which often occurs in the first few months of pregnancy. The stomach acid that comes from the stomach can greatly affect the health of your teeth and the enamel layer.

What Are The Signs And Symptoms Of Dental Problems During Pregnancy?

We recommend our pregnant clients do routine checkups with the dentist to prevent any dental problems that can affect their health. However many people go to the dentist only when the symptoms are visible or causing discomfort. Some of the most common signs that indicate that you should visit the dentist can be: 

  • Bad breath
  • Mouth sores or lumps on the gums
  • New gaps between your teeth
  • Teeth that feel loose
  • Receding gums is a condition when your gums pull away and the roots of your teeth become visible 
  • Pus or discharge along your gum line 
  • Gums that are red, swollen, tender or shiny
  • Sensitive gums that bleed easily
  • Toothache or other pain located near your mouth area

 

We recommend you pay close attention to your oral issues during pregnancy because they might affect your child’s health greatly. To avoid any further complications, contact your dentist right away and schedule a visit. 

Image illustrating dental check-up during pregnancy

How Can You Prevent Dental Problems During Pregnancy?

We highly recommend our clients get regular dental checkups before and during pregnancy in order to prevent and minimise any problems for the mothers and babies.

  • The dentist must be aware if you are pregnant or if you are planning to have a baby. 
  • Tell your dentist about the medicines you are using before they perform any treatment or prescribe any medications. 
  • If your pregnancy is high-risk you should tell your dentist.  High-risk pregnancy refers to conditions that put you, your unborn child, or both of you at higher risk of complications. If you have a chronic illness, difficulties from a prior pregnancy, or other circumstances that might affect your health or the health of your unborn child.

 

As you may have heard, when it comes to medical conditions, prevention and early detection is key. Regular dental checkups allow the dentist to find and treat the issue at the right time before it develops more. Also, keep in mind to stick to your dental routine because regular cleanings and flossing will keep your gums and teeth healthy for a very long time. 

Are Dental X-Rays Safe During Pregnancy?

Dental X-rays are a very important component of dental treatment because they can reveal what is wrong with your gums, teeth, and jaw. However, the amount of exposure to X-rays should be minimal for pregnant women and they shouldn’t be done very often.  To safeguard you and your child, the dentist uses very low doses of radiation, and you are covered with protective measures. Make sure your dentist is aware that you are pregnant or attempting to become pregnant before she recommends X-rays.

Image illustrating getting dental x-rays during pregnancy

How Are Dental Problems Treated During Pregnancy?

First of all the dentist should be aware that you are expecting or planning to have a child before they recommend or have a procedure done. In some cases, several procedures need to be postponed until after the baby is born, because they may pose a high risk for them. Some of the treatments that are safe to use while pregnant include: 

  • Medicines, including painkillers and antibiotics for the treatment of different infections. Your dentist may recommend pregnancy-safe medicine for you and your unborn child if you are experiencing any type of pain. Any medicine that your dentist recommends should be disclosed to your prenatal care provider. They should always be aware of the medicine you are taking. 
  • Local anaesthesia is used to eliminate pain. Dentists use it to numb a particular area of the body, such as the mouth during a dental filling or tooth extraction. This medication is safe to be used on pregnant patients and it won’t cause any damage to the baby or the mother. 

 

Even though several dental treatments can be done when the patient is pregnant, sometimes the dentist recommends they wait until they are in the second trimester or even after they give birth. This is done to keep the mother and the baby healthy and to avoid any medical issues. 

What Can You Do To Help Prevent Dental Problems?

Here are some tips that can help you keep your teeth and gums healthy:

  • Use fluoride toothpaste to brush your teeth twice a day, and don’t forget to also floss regularly. Be careful to use a soft-bristled toothbrush. Regular maintenance will help remove any plaque buildup and keep your teeth as healthy as possible. If you are having any difficulties try to find dental products and a routine that fits you the best.
  • Even while you are pregnant, schedule a routine dental examination with your dentist every six months, or twice a year. The dentist must be aware that you are expecting a child during your appointment.
  • Eat a balanced diet and avoid sugary foods. Fruits and vegetables, lean meat, whole-grain breads, pasta, and low-fat dairy products are examples of healthy eating. Eat less sweets and high-sugar meals, and go for water rather than sugary drinks. Having a balanced diet provides essential nutrients for both you and your developing child. 

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